Having finished Tom Woods’ first history course on Western civilization, I decided to turn my notes into a timeline. This is hardly a comprehensive timeline. Much more happened during the thousands of years between the creation of the Earth and when Columbus discovered America. That being said, these were memorable events for me. Most of … More Western Civilization Timeline: Creation to Columbus

One of the biggest misconceptions in modern historical textbooks is that people—Christians—during the Middle Ages believed the earth was flat. There are a few reasons as to why this myth is preposterous, and why it is nothing more than a myth. All modern historians acknowledge that historically speaking, everyone has always believed in a spherical … More The Flat Earth Fraud

The Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire were two serious, sophisticated powers in the Americas before European colonization. Even though both empires were far more organized than their Native American counterparts in North America, both empires provided seemingly little resistance to the Spanish invasion. Their large numbers and organized military did not seem to impact … More Conquest of the Inca Empire

The kingdoms of Spain experienced immense centralization through the 15th century. It experienced unification on three fronts: political centralization, militaristic centralization, and religious centralization. This strengthened Spain and made it a future powerhouse during the Age of Discovery.  The two most powerful kingdoms in Spain were Castile and Aragon. A marriage was arranged between the … More Centralization in Spain